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Item 1: Understand template type deduction

• Since types are now deduced by the compiler in the case of auto, be careful about template deduction.

Imagine this:

template<typename T>
void f(ParamType param);

The type ParamType and the typename T may be the same or different.

In the case below, T is deduced to be int, but ParamType is const int&.

template<typename T>
void f(const T& param);

int x = 0;
f(x);

There are 3 cases